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Genetic factors in atherosclerosis: status and perspectives

C. Indolfi*

University Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy

* Correspondence: Ciro Indolfi, MD, Division of Cardiology, University Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy.

Abstract

Genes contribute to both the cause and the pathogenesis of virtually all abnormalities of human physiology and behaviour, including, of course, atherosclerosis. A variety of genetic factors, in addition to well studied errors of lipid metabolism, clearly predispose to atherosclerosis. Few genes apart other than those involved in lipid metabolism have such an over-whelming impact that they may be identified on the basis of family history. However, genes that predispose to hypertension and diabetes mellitus; control arterial diameter, reactivity and branching angles; affect platelet adhesiveness, thrombosis and fibrinolysis; and regulate endothelial and smooth muscle function can all be considered candidate genes for study in families predisposed to atherosclerosis.

Key Words: Atherosclerosis • genes • polymorphisms


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